Dr. Ali Butt
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Livestock crisis is a situation where there are significant negative impacts on animal health, animal production and livelihood of population that depends on them. The crisis can stem from various factors including disease outbreaks and environmental challenges etc.
The livestock crisis management is strategies and responses to protect animals in a disaster. Various government and non-government organizations come forward to play their role at the time of crisis. These strategies commonly revolve around
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1- Preparedness
2- Responsiveness
3- Recovery actions after crisis.
Preparedness
Preparedness includes drawing and implementing different plans according to the possible situation i.e. flood, disease outbreak, fire etc. and get ready for them. It is to ensure adequate reserves of feed, clean water etc. Moreover, it is to create safe evacuation routes and relocating plans for animals.
Proper high raised piece of land can be allocated for that. It is plan to be ready for provision of vaccine and treatment to animals. Quarantine facilities away from the area of crisis must be ensured. Through training and capacity building of farmers and persons involved in crisis management situation can be handled in a better way.
Responsiveness
Responsiveness includes disease reporting and surveillance in the area to collect data and plan accordingly. Secondly it is provision of medicine according to diseases and vaccination according to animals and season. Moreover, it is to ensure provision of ample quantity of feed and water to prevent animal death due to hunger. All these activities must be in a well connected and coordinated way to get maximum output.
Response to drought requires provision of pre-stored feed and concentrates and movement animals to better grazing sites.
Response to floods requires evacuation of animals from flood area to safe higher grounds.
Fires can play havoc on large areas however through proper management, losses can be minimized. Evacuation animals from the site must be the priority. There must be arrangements for feed and water along with treatment of wounded animals.
In case of disease out breaks, special protocols have been designed that must be applied for data collection. Cordoning off the area vaccination and treatment of effected animals must be the priority. Quarantine facilities for the diseased animals to new area can prevent spreading of disease to healthy animals.
Recovery
Recovery is to cultivate land and restore it for feed purpose. As for as animals are concerned, recovery is to ensure uninterrupted production and supply of dairy products through provision of shelter and stress-free environment.
In short livestock crisis management is managing the disasters to minimize the losses in shape of life and productivity and only pre-planned quick response can save the situation.